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Issue 2

 

SPINZ News

Winter 2005 Issue

Contents

New Zealand

International News

Other

Please give us your feedback on the new redesigned SPINZ website

Click here to complete a quick feedback survey

Please contact Russell Tuffery, SPINZ Information Officer, at info@spinz.org.nz, or ph 09 300 7035, for more information on any of the resources.

Out of the Blue

New depression awareness campaign
Out of the Blue
Kia Marama

The Mental Health Foundation has launched a new depression awareness campaign, website: www.outoftheblue.org.nz

Research shows there is a strong link between untreated depression and suicidal behaviour. The campaign aims to raise awareness of the signs of depression and to encourage help-seeking at an early stage. A key message is also that people who experience depression can recover and cope.

Resources include:

  • Wallet-card sized brochures in English and Te Reo, aimed at people with little or no awareness of depression or where to go for help. These are also being distributed via Resene Paints, Diagnostic MedLab (Auckland) and PlaceMakers Tauranga and Mt Maunganui.
  • Posters
  • Postcards in cafes across the country

Contact info@outoftheblue.org.nz to order resources, or if you are a business that may be willing to assist with retail distribution.

SPINZ Symposium 13 to 14 October 2005, Christchurch, Riccarton Park, theme "Males & suicide"

The theme of this year's SPINZ symposium is 'Males and suicide'. New Zealand males have significantly higher rates of suicide than New Zealand females. The New Zealand male rate of suicide is three times that of the New Zealand female rate. In 2002, 460 people died by suicide; 350 were male and 110 were female. In 2002, 78 Maori died by suicide; 59 were male and 19 were female. High rates of male suicide are not confined to New Zealand but are indicative of trends occurring in other countries around the world.

Addressing men's issues and well-being is complex and requires multi levelled approaches in order to reduce the numbers of New Zealand men killing themselves. There is research that indicates that there may be some differences in risk factors and kinds of prevention that might work well for men compared to women. The SPINZ Symposium will provide an opportunity to look at some of those approaches from the policy maker, to the academic / researcher and the practitioner working at grassroots level.

The annual SPINZ Symposium is a means of weaving policy, research and practice together and provides a platform for informative discussion and a pathway forward. This symposium will look at what are important risk and protective factors for males and promising approaches for making a difference. The symposium will combine examples of research, policy, and practice which span the prevention / intervention and postvention landscape of suicide prevention in Aotearoa New Zealand.

New Zealand Statistics:

  • Male rates of death by suicide exceed those among women, 460 people died by suicide in 2002; 350 were Male and 110 were Female
  • 78 Maori died by suicide in 2002 and 59 were male
  • Maori males have higher rates of suicide than non Maori males
  • Males 25 - 44 year old had the highest age specific suicide rate (29.5 per 100,000 population)

- Statistics taken from Suicide Facts Provisional 2002 All-Ages Statistics (Ministry of Health, April 2005)

Please register your interest to Fiona McAlevey, SPINZ South Island Community Liaison worker, email fiona@spinz.org.nz,
ph 03 366 6910, and for more information see our website.

A Life Worth Living

Draft New Zealand All Ages Suicide Prevention
Strategy Released

Titled "A life worth living", this draft (22 pages) was released for consultation in late April. With the shift in focus from youth to "all ages", the Ministry of Health (MOH) takes over leadership of suicide prevention initiatives from 1 July 2005, from the Ministry of Youth Development (MYD) However MYD will continue to have an important policy advice role for youth suicide prevention. National Suicide Prevention Co-ordinator, Sue van Daatselaar, has left her position, for England. Sue's replacement is David Mulholland and together with Senior Policy Analyst, Janis Freegard, they are moving co-ordination of the government's suicide prevention initiatives to the MOH.

Announced in the Budget was over $9 million for the next four years to MOH for new and existing suicide prevention initiatives. Submissions on the draft strategy closed on 17 June, and are currently being analysed. The final strategy is expected to be released in early 2006.

Two reports have been released to provide an evidence base for the strategy:

  • Suicide prevention: a review of risk and protective factors, and points of effective intervention, by Annette Beautrais and others.
  • Suicide prevention in New Zealand: a contemporary perspective: social explanations for suicide in New Zealand, by Sunny Collings and Annette Beautrais.

A suite of five reports, each summarised in the Collings work above are due to be released shortly. The draft and reports are available at the MOH website.

  • Recently published: Collings, Sunny (2005, June 3) . The New Zealand Suicide Prevention Strategy consultation round: an open submission to the Ministry of Health. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 118 (1216) , 4 pages

SPINZ Workshops Well Received

One of SPINZ's key information dissemination activities is the provision of suicide prevention information workshops.
Workshop Coordinator Sarah Lee, based in Wellington, has the role of co-ordinating all activities around the planning and delivery of SPINZ workshops in New Zealand.

In 2005, to date, our Youth Suicide Prevention workshop has been delivered in Christchurch, Queenstown, Papakura, Kawakawa, Blenheim, Tokoroa, Waharoa, Whanganui and Ohakune. We averaged approximately 18 participants per workshop from a wide cross section of the community including school guidance counsellors, school principals, victim support volunteers, alcohol and drug counsellors, youth workers, social workers, health promoters, nurses, occupational therapists, truancy officers, police youth aid officers and community constables.

Participant feedback has been overwhelmingly positive from our evaluation forms, a sample of the varied comments received are:

"From my point of view it was the best course I have ever attended" – Victim Support manager,

"I can now stop blaming myself for not being there when my nephew killed himself 5 years ago" – participant.

Pahia Turia host of the Whanganui SPINZ Workshop:

He mihi nunui ki nga kaimahi o SPINZ mo a koutou mahi ki waenganui I te iwi o Whanganui I te marama kua taha ake nei

"A big thank you to Sarah Lee, Fi and Merryn for both the workshops here in Whanganui. The Whanganui workshop was attended by 21 participants with a good cross sector of the community covered. All the participants had lots of positive things to say about the training and are looking forward to the post-vention training coming back to this area. We also held another training in Ohakune and 15 people from within the Waimarino and Otaihape rohe attended this training. It was great to be able to hold two trainings, especially for our rural communities. Thanks again for the great training and facilitation"

From a facilitator's perspective Sarah Lee explains, "Our workshops provide an opportunity for a diverse range of people in the community to come together, be informed about and discuss best practice in suicide prevention. It is always interesting to see the dynamics that are created within a workshop. Often it is not just about information dissemination, but a forum that can provide healing and understanding for communities bereaved by suicide, spark informed community action, or connect people and services. It's an absolute privilege to be part of this process at a community level."

Future plans for workshop activity include delivering our postvention and community action workshop and later in the year SPINZ are aiming to offer ASIST (Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training) to communities. This has been described as First Aid for Suicide Prevention, what to do when you are with someone who is 'actively suicidal'.

If you are interested in attending our workshops, please check our website for dates and venues, or for information about hosting a SPINZ workshop in your area, contact Sarah Lee, Workshop Coordinator/Community Liaison, on (04) 384 4002 or (021) 405 399.

Bereaved by Suicide Support Group Update

SPINZ would like to update its information about Bereaved by Suicide Support Groups around the country. Could you please contact SPINZ with details of your group.

Also see "Support after a Suicide" web pages. SPINZ can also assist with workshops and providing information.

Related new resources:

Cvinar, Jacqueline G. (Jan-Mar 2005) Do suicide survivors suffer social stigma: a review of the literature. Perspectives in psychiatric care, 41, 1, 14

Mitchell AM, Kim Y, Prigerson HG, Mortimer-Stephens M. (2004) Complicated grief in survivors of suicide. Crisis, 25(1):12-8

Having suicidal thoughts?

Having suicidal thoughts?
Information for you, family, whanau,
friends and support network

This is a new 13 page pamphlet from skylight, produced for the NZ Guidelines Group. Copies are available from SPINZ or from Wickliffe Press ph 04 496 2277 ref no HP 4073, also a PDF is available online.

Improving the Care of People at Risk of Suicide
A Project for Emergency Departments and Mental Health Services

Emma Sutich, New Zealand Guidelines Group

The New Zealand Guidelines Group has been commissioned by the Ministry of Health to run an innovative three-year project designed to implement the guidelines for the Assessment and Management of People at Risk of Suicide.

The three main aims of the project are to:

  1. work with emergency departments (EDs) and mental health services (MHS) to improve emergency mental health care for the prevention of suicide
  2. to promote collaboration within services and amongst clinicians to achieve and sustain change,
  3. to contribute to the knowledge base regarding methodologies needed for the successful implementation of guidelines. DHBS across the country will be invited to participate in the project, which will run for the next three years.

The project will provide a structure and process for sharing knowledge and leading change in practice. It is modeled on a highly successful quality-improvement programme run in Australian emergency departments by NICS (www.nicsl.com.au). As part of the project, we provide training for clinical services in emergency departments and mental health services through a methodology for introducing quality improvements to their services, based on the guidelines.

Before this can happen however, NZGG will undertake extensive consultation with the sector, to establish three of four critical targets for change that will improve the experience of people who present to these services feeling suicidal or following self-harm. This consultation process will include:

  • professional groups
  • consumers who present at Emergency Departments and/or mental health services
  • families and carers of these consumers

We are interested in hearing from anyone who would like to be part of this consultation process. More information as an online PDF or phone 04 471 4180 or write to PO Box 10-665, Wellington.

SPINZ Launch Pacific Island Language Youth Suicide Prevention Resources

On 1st May, 2005, a range of suicide prevention information sheets for Pacific communities were blessed at St Andrews Presbyterian Church in Henderson. This was the culmination of an 18 month process that created an opportunity for Pacific people to come together and discuss suicide prevention work.

SPINZ contracted Niu Development Inc to lead this work which involved fono in Auckland, Porirua, Tokoroa and Christchurch. The sensitive and precious nature of this work was apparent in the responses of those that contributed. The process was facilitated by Pefi Kingi who spent many hours in consultation with a broad range of Pacific people and organizations.

Those that met decided a good place to start was the provision of information in languages of the Pacific. Translating the SPINZ set of Fact Sheets provided an evidence based platform with which to communicate what has already been established in youth suicide prevention in New Zealand. While this process presented challenges of language, it has yielded a set of resources in Samoan, Tongan, Cook Island and Niuean. It also enabled connections between communities and individuals passionate about the health of their young people and determined to ensure there are appropriate ways forward with this work under the new all age strategy.

These resources are available from SPINZ. Sets of these resources will also be sent out to Pacific Health providers all around the country.

Merryn Statham, co-director of SPINZ says the catalyst for working with Pacific communities was "a huge information gap, coupled with a strong desire in Pacific communities to start addressing this issue in a safe way".

"The translation of the information sheets is a starting point, from here these groups will have a mechanism with which to support the development of resources from the ground up," says Merryn.

The National Pacific Suicide Prevention Group has also developed the Pacific Peoples Participation Policy, to provide guidance and focus to the collection and distribution of Pacific focused suicide prevention information.

"Pacific people are looking for solutions from within their own communities and SPINZ is here to support the process," says Merryn.

"While these information sheets are for those working with young people, future work will target all age groups," she says.

See http://www.spinz.org.nz/page.php?p=57

Suicide and the Media: a study of the media response to 'Suicide and the media: the reporting and portrayal of suicide in the media – a resource'

By Jim Tully and Nadia Elsaka, School of Political Science and Communication, University of Canterbury (32 pages). This report was released in April and reviews the media resource developed by the Ministry of Health in 1999. The report says this media resource has been largely ignored by the news media, and calls for media protocols that could be incorporated into media industry codes of practice. See the SPINZ website.

  • In the United States, The Suicide Prevention Resource Center has just released "Safe reporting on suicide"
  • The Centre for Suicide Prevention in Calgary, Canada published in June "Media Influences on Suicide", offering a good summary of current research.

Addressing Sexual Orientation Prejudice

Addressing Sexual Orientation Prejudice
www.outthere.org.nz

  • Safety in our schools – Ko te haumaru I o tatou kura is an action kit for New Zealand schools which was launched in February (38 pages)
  • Youth2000 report: Non-heterosexual youth: a profile of their health and well-being (57 pages)

These are available online at www.outthere.org.nz.

New resource:

  • Hillier, Lynne et al. (2005) Writing themselves in again: 6 years on - the 2nd national report on the sexual health & well-being of same sex attracted young people in Australia. Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health & Society (ARCSHS), La Trobe University, Melbourne.

Coroners' Bill

This is currently before the Justice and Electoral Committee. The submissions deadline has been extended to 12 August, see this page.

A copy of the bill is available online.

From the Bill's Explanatory note:

This Bill replaces the Coroners Act 1988 and reforms the coronial system to enhance public confidence in its integrity and independence.

The Bill also seeks to provide an appropriate balance between the cultural and spiritual needs of families, and the public good associated with understanding, in an accurate and timely way, the causes and circumstances of sudden or unexplained deaths.

Background:The coroner's role is to establish, so far as possible, the cause and circumstances of death in cases of sudden or unexplained deaths and deaths in other special circumstances. The coroner, as an independent judicial officer, acts on behalf of the State to inquire into such deaths.

The Law Commission published a discussion paper in August 1999 and, after considering public submissions, a final report in August 2000, see this page.

The Bill draws on both the Law Commission's recommendations and the Government's review of the coronial system.

Key elements of the Bill include:

  • establishing the office of chief coroner to provide leadership and co-ordination:
  • moving to a smaller number of mostly full-time, legally-qualified coroners:
  • ensuring family members are notified at significant steps of the coronial process:
  • introducing a specific regime for retention and release of body parts and bodily samples:
  • enhancing inquiry and inquest processes

Lifeline Begins Email Counselling Service

Lifeline Christchurch has begun an email counselling service available New Zealand wide. It is not intended for crisis counselling. The service is modeled on the service provided by Samaritans in the UK. Details at www.elifeline.co.nz

A Selection of Recent New Zealand Resources & Research

The 2002 provisional suicide statistics were released in April. See the MOH website and SPINZ press release.

Brian N Phillips (2004). An Interpretation of Four Men's Experiences of Suicidality. PhD thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. From the author's abstract:

"Mental health nurses are frequently called upon to care and provide intervention for suicidal men. While there is a substantial literature on male suicide, far less is known about the understandings men have of their suicidal experiences. This study draws upon Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics to explore the understandings that four men have had of their past suicidal experiences. The interpretations developed in this study, as far as possible, make explicit use of my own particular horizon of meaning as researcher and mental health nurse, and as such, seeks to engage with a tradition of mental health nursing. In addition, by consciously bringing a social constructionist perspective of masculinity to this process, explore the way in which gender impacts on men's suicidality. The primary source of information for this study is in-depth, open-ended conversations with four European men in their middle adult years who were asked to talk about their past experiences of suicidality…"

Tamasese, Kiwi et al. (April 2005). Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 39, 4

MaGPIe Research Group, University of Otago at Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences. (May 2005). Mental disorders among Maori attending their general practitioner. Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 39 (5)

Fergusson, David M. et al. (2005) Tests of causal linkages between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms. Addiction, 100, 354-366

Hatcher, Simon; Coggan, Carolyn; Bennett, Sara; Sharon, Cynthia. (2004) The efficacy of aftercare strategies for patients who have attempted suicide: a review of relevant literature. Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Auckland.

"In conclusion, the problem-solving deficits seen in suicidal individuals indicate that systematic training in problem-solving skills with a focus on problems precipitating the suicide attempt is likely to have a positive effect on predictors of suicidality and repetition of suicidal behaviours. A strong rationale exists for the development of a further, large scale trial of problem-solving therapy in order to clearly determine the efficacy of this intervention following attempted suicide. Findings from recent studies of brief, problem solving approaches have provided important information that should be incorporated into future studies. " - pg 11

Beautrais, Annette L. ; Fergusson, David M. ; Gibb, Sheree J. (Jan-Feb 2005). Mortality and further suicidal behaviour after an index suicide attempt: a 10-year study. Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 39, 95-100

New Zealand Family Physician (NZFP) Mental Health care issue (December 2004)

Suicide research sheds light on Pacific young people, Health Research Council of NZ, HRC44, 2004 [research by Dr Jemaima Tiatia]

Postvention Kit for Communities Acknowledging Grief, Loss and Death

Rhee Duthie
Rhee Duthie pictured

During training with Merryn Statham and the SPINZ team last year, Tauranga Moana Youth Workers Network recognised the need for more information about the nature of grief and loss after a suicide or sudden death. The Youth Workers network believes it's important to ensure the local community is able to source quality, safe information especially during such a critical time.

Led by Toi Te Ora Public Health's Youth mental health promoter- Rebekah (Rhee) Duthie, the local network met with families and young people who had lived through such an experience. They developed an idea to create a collection of material for local use, to be shared with families or young people who were coping through difficult times.

The whakatauki chosen was " He aha te mea nui o te Ao? He tangata, he tangata, he tangata". What is the most important thing in the world? It is people, it is people it is people.

Hineawe and her 17-year-old daughter lost a brother to suicide and heartfelt accounts such as theirs confirmed the importance of providing a range of material to compliment the professional support sought by a family.

So the hunt began for appropriate, simple and suitable material. Various organisations such as the Tauranga Grief Centre, The Traumatic Incident team within Group Special Education, Mental Health Foundation and Victim Support contributed ideas and skylight was contacted to access their fantastic range of support resources. A grief video targeting youth was added, local brochures, books, readings/articles and even a folder of local support information for older people who lose their life partners suddenly.

"I couldn't talk with anyone at first, as it felt as if the words wouldn't come out so when I found the brochure lying on the coffee table, I read it and I realised I needed to talk it through" Jordan 14-years old (after reading "Grief is like a huge wave"-skylight 2004). Marshall - one of our older focus group members called the material a Coping Kit as he spoke about what could go in it and that description grew into naming it the Community Coping Kit – A Tauranga Moana Community Resource.

A promotional brochure is being distributed throughout the community and the community is already accessing the material. The Community Coping Kit will be based with Toi Te Ora Public Health for a pilot period, re-assessed and then one of the local community groups will house it.

For enquiries contact: Rhee Duthie, Youth Mental Health Promoter, 510 Cameron Road – Tauranga, PO box 2121, ph 07 5773310 or email rhee.duthie@bopdhb.govt.nz

The Collaborative for Research and Training in Youth Health and Development Trust

The Collaborative for Research and Training in Youth Health and Development Trust (the Collaborative) was established in Christchurch late in 2002. The idea to set up a centre of excellence first came about to fill a perceived gap in research and training in youth health and development in the South Island. In Auckland, the Centre for Youth Health carries out this function, but in Christchurch, despite some isolated pockets of very good research, researchers often are not aware of what other researchers are doing.

The role of the Collaborative is to bring together: researchers to work in collaboration with each other, young people and those who work with young people and a wide range of service providers, health promoters and educators. In addition the Trust will work in collaboration with other centres working in the area of youth health and development such as the Auckland Centre for Youth Health, to deliver training to professionals and education to parents and others in the community. Since March 2003, the Collaborative has run a research seminar series, with a seminar being given every six weeks or so.

If you want more information about the Collaborative, please contact Lynda Jeffs, the Development Manager, at 03 3643641 or email her at collaborative@xtra.co.nz

International News

Two new online journals from the United States

  • Advancing Suicide Prevention
  • Preventing suicide: the national journal (this journal has been revamped)

LiFe - Australian Suicide Prevention website

The LiFe website has been developed by the Australian Network for Promotion, Prevention and Early Intervention for Mental Health (Auseinet) as part of its commitment to facilitating networks for information exchange and learning under the Australian Government National Suicide Prevention Strategy (NSPS).

Australia bans using internet to incite suicide

Using the internet to counsel or incite people to commit or attempt to commit suicide, or to promote or provide instruction on a particular method of committing suicide is now an offence under new laws contained in Criminal Code Amendment (Suicide Related Material Offences) Bill 2005 passed by the Australian Federal Parliament. "These offences are designed to protect the young and the vulnerable, those at greatest risk of suicide, from people who use the internet with destructive intent to counsel or incite others to kill themselves," Justice Minister Chris Ellison said in a statement. Individuals convicted of such offences face a fine of up to A$110,000, while corporations face a fine of up to A$550,000. See this for the Senate report on the bill.

A selection of recent overseas resources & research

ABC of adolescence series from the British Medical Journal (BMJ).

The Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health is a forum for advancing promotion, prevention and early intervention (PPEI) approaches to mental health. It is a peer reviewed, online, open access journal.

Flood, Michael (2005). Mapping lonliness in Australia. The Australia Institute. Using national survey data, this paper outlines patters of loneliness, support and friendship and assesses who is most at risk of emotional and social isolation and who is socially supported and connected.

Gould, Madelyn, S. and others. (April 2005). Evaluating iatrogenic risk of youth suicide screening programs: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 293 (13), 1635-43. Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. This article is important for people in clinical roles or doing screening type surveys as it's often a point of concern for people - this study is the strongest one available to say that asking doesn't increase risk. This does contrast with the findings that carrying out suicide prevention programmes that teach about suicide risk etc do increase risk for a subset of vulnerable youth.

Mind your mind kit: promoting positive mental health amongst young people, Northern Territory Govt, fact sheet series.

Perschy, Mary Kelly (2004) Helping teens work through grief. 2nd ed. New York: Brunner-Routledge

Kessler, R. C. et al. (25 may 2005). Trends in suicide ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts in the United States, 1990-1992 to 2001-2003. JAMA, 293(20), 2487-95

Chambers, David A. (April 2005) The science of public messages for suicide prevention: a workshop summary. Suicide and life-threatening behavior, 35 (2), 134-145. Dissemination and Implementation Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. dchamber@mail.nih.gov. This summary describes some of the challenges and opportunities identified by workshop participants in evaluating public awareness campaigns in suicide prevention, technical assistance needs, and a proposed research agenda. Shows there are some promising results of public health message campaigns. There is not a huge amount of evidence to say this makes large changes but some of these campaigns do appear 'promising' or likely to produce positive results.

Hawton, K; James, A (16 April 2005). Suicide and deliberate self harm in young people, British Medical Journal (BMJ), 330, 7496, 891-894

Agerbo, Esben (May 2005). Midlife suicide risk, partner's psychiatric illness, spouse and child bereavement by suicide or other modes of death: a gender specific study. J Epidemiol Community Health, 59 (5) , 407-12

Fergusson, Dean, and others. Association between suicide attempts and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: systematic review of randomised controlled trials, British Medical Journal, 2005, 330, 396-

Profiling new staff at SPINZ

Fiona (Fi) McAlevey joined the SPINZ team in January, as the South Island Community Liaison worker. Fi comes from a background that includes education and public health. She worked in sexual health promotion and youth suicide prevention for Public Health South in Invercargill. Based in Christchurch Fi works in the area of community liaison and co-facilitates SPINZ workshops. She looks forward to working with communities throughout Te Wai Pounamu, fiona@spinz.org.nz

Lucia Tibre joined the SPINZ team in June taking up the Community Liaison position based in Auckland. Lucia takes over from Te Rina Moke. Lucia comes from a background that includes education, communication sciences and international relations. She comes from Romania, where she worked mostly as a journalist. In New Zealand she worked for Te Korowai Aroha, Mental Health provider, and volunteered for the radio broadcast Take It from Us (Like Minds Like Mine project). lucia@spinz.org.nz

Magnum Pio Tuipulotu (Mags) "I le ava tele ma le fa'aaloalo ou te fa'atalofa atu" Mags is of Samoan descent ,born and raised in Wellington. A recent graduate from the University of Auckland with a Bachelor of Science qualification, Mags is an active member at the Ekalesia Fa'apotopotoga Kerisiano I Samoa Church in the North Shore where he is the conductor for the choir, Sunday school teacher and also youth leader/mentor.
Mags is a proud father of Olive Isabella. His past work experience has been with at-risk youth through the Kari Centre working with the Youth Transitional Programme and Cultural Advisory Team. He takes up a part-time position with SPINZ focussing on information provision to Pacific providers and communities.
"I look forward to working with the team and especially with the Pacific Island Community to help improve their quality of life. Fa'afetai Lava" magnum@spinz.org.nz

 

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